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The Penitentiary of New Mexico (PNM) is a men's maximum-security prison located in unincorporated Santa Fe County, south of central Santa Fe, on New Mexico State Road 14.〔"(Directory )." New Mexico Corrections Department. Retrieved on November 2, 2013.〕〔"(Penitentiary of New Mexico, Santa Fe )." New Mexico Corrections Department. Retrieved on November 2, 2013.〕 It is operated by the New Mexico Corrections Department. The complex consists of three separate facilities. The facilities are now referred to as Level V (opened 1985), Level VI (opened 1985) and Level II (opened 1990) for the minimum restrict facility, based upon the New Mexico adaptation of the Federal Bureau of Prisons system for inmate classification and restriction. The regular daily population is about 790 inmates, whose average age is 32. The Level VI Supermax site contains New Mexico's Death Row. This is where Terry Clark was executed in 2001. He remains, as of 2014, the only execution in New Mexico since the death penalty was reinstated in 1976. 〔(【引用サイトリンク】url=http://www.clarkprosecutor.org/html/death/US/clark741.htm )〕 ==History== Opened in 1885, the New Mexico Penitentiary had been authorized by Congress since 1853.〔Johnson, Judith R. (1994) "A Mighty Fortress is the Pen: Development of the New Mexico Penitentiary" pp. 119–132 ''In'' DeMark, Judith Boycw (editor) (1994) ''Essays in Twentieth-Century New Mexico History'' University of New Mexico Press, Albuquerque, New Mexico, ISBN 0-8263-1359-0, pages 119–120〕 The design was based on the same plans used for Sing Sing and Joliet.〔 The first prison industry produced bricks.〔These were probably adobe bricks, as the prison reports do not indicate any kilns for firing.〕〔 Beginning in 1903, New Mexico became the first western state to employ prisoners in building highways.〔Johnson, pages 121–122〕 On 19 July 1922, prisoners at the penitentiary rioted against overcrowding, the poor food, and the use of excessive force by the prison authorities.〔Johnson, pages 124–125〕 When the inmates refused to return to their cells, the tower guards opened fire, killing one inmate and injuring five others.〔 In the report following the riot, the prison authorities were blamed for lack of experience, and failure to understand how to control a prison population.〔New Mexico State Penitentiary Board of Commissioners (1924) ''Annual Report of the Board of Penitentiary Commissioners for the 11th Fiscal Year 1923'' pp.1–2, 〕 The second riot was 15 June 1953. Inmates protesting the use of excessive force seized Deputy Warden Ralph Tahash and twelve guards and held them hostage. In the resulting melee, guards killed two inmates and wounded a number of others.〔Johnson, page 128〕 This second riot led to the abandonment of the original facility as a prison and the construction in 1956 of what came to be called "the main unit". In 1980, Cell Block 4, "the main unit", was the scene of one of the most violent prison riots in the correctional history of America. Over two days 33 inmates were killed and 12 officers were held hostage by prisoners who had escaped from cell blocks in the main unit. Men were brutally butchered, dismembered, and decapitated and hung up on the cells and burned alive. This section of the prison was closed in 1998 and is now referred to as the "Old Main." Systemic reforms after the riot and the ''Duran v. King'' consent decree, including implementation of the Bureau Classification System under Cabinet Secretary Joe Williams, led to the modern New Mexico prison system. The prison is reputedly haunted, with numerous unexplained phenomena, from prison doors opening and close of their own accord, to shadows, to ghostly voices and footsteps. 抄文引用元・出典: フリー百科事典『 ウィキペディア（Wikipedia）』 ■ウィキペディアで「Penitentiary of New Mexico」の詳細全文を読む スポンサード リンク
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